Dogs have been humanity’s loyal companions for thousands of years, but not every breed enjoys the same level of popularity. Some once-beloved breeds are now teetering on the edge of extinction, often overshadowed by trendier or more widely recognized dogs. These rare breeds are living pieces of history, each with unique traits and stories that deserve to be celebrated. Here are 10 cherished dog breeds facing the threat of extinction—and why we should fight to save them.
1. Otterhounds Are Swimming Into Obscurity
Otterhounds, bred for hunting otters in medieval England, are a rare and charming breed with webbed feet and a love for water. Their numbers have dwindled due to the decline of their original purpose and competition from more popular water-loving breeds like Labradors. Despite their playful nature and incredible scent-tracking abilities, fewer than 1,000 Otterhounds exist worldwide. Without more recognition and advocacy, this gentle giant may disappear altogether.
2. Skye Terriers Are Scottish Treasures at Risk
Skye terriers, once adored by British royalty, are among the most endangered dog breeds in the world. Known for their long, flowing coats and loyal nature, these terriers were bred to hunt vermin on the rugged Isle of Skye. Today, their unique look and personality are overshadowed by more popular terrier breeds. With only a few hundred puppies registered annually, their future hangs in the balance.
3. Sussex Spaniels Are Sweet but Overlooked
Sussex spaniels are affectionate and calm, making them perfect companions, but their low energy and unusual gait have contributed to their decline. Once prized as hunting dogs, they’ve been replaced by faster, more versatile breeds like Labradors and Cocker Spaniels. With fewer than 400 Sussex Spaniels born each year, they’re considered critically endangered. It’s a heartbreaking fate for such a loving and gentle breed.
4. Norwegian Lundehunds Are One-of-a-Kind Rarities
The Norwegian Lundehund is an ancient breed with remarkable traits, including six toes on each paw and the ability to bend its head backward. Originally bred to hunt puffins in Norway, their population plummeted after hunting laws changed and their role became obsolete. Fewer than 1,500 Lundehunds remain today, making them one of the rarest breeds on the planet. Their unique history and quirky abilities make them worth preserving.
5. Dandie Dinmont Terriers Are Fading Into History
Dandie Dinmont terriers are small, distinctive dogs with a long body and a topknot of hair, often described as whimsical yet dignified. They were once popular for hunting small game but have since fallen out of favor due to the rise of other terrier breeds. With only a few hundred Dandies registered globally each year, their numbers are alarmingly low. Their quirky charm deserves a second chance in the spotlight.
6. Chinooks Are America’s Forgotten Sled Dogs
The Chinook is one of the few dog breeds native to the United States, originally bred for sledding and hauling. Despite their strength, intelligence, and friendly temperament, they’ve struggled to compete with flashier working breeds like Huskies. With fewer than 1,000 Chinooks left worldwide, they’re considered critically endangered. This all-American breed could vanish without a stronger effort to revive its popularity.
7. Lagotto Romagnolos Are Underappreciated Truffle Hunters
Lagotto Romagnolos are curly-coated Italian dogs bred for truffle hunting, a skill they still excel at today. While they’re gaining popularity in niche circles, their global population remains low compared to other working breeds. Their hypoallergenic coats and sharp noses make them ideal companions, but they’re often overlooked in favor of more familiar breeds. Increased awareness could help save this ancient and versatile breed.
8. Thai Ridgebacks Are Rare Gems of Southeast Asia
Thai Ridgebacks are striking, independent dogs with a distinctive ridge of hair running along their back. Once used as guard dogs and hunters in Thailand, their numbers outside of Southeast Asia are minimal. Their strong-willed nature and need for experienced owners have limited their global appeal, putting them at risk. This rare breed deserves recognition for its loyalty and unique appearance.
9. English Toy Terriers Are Losing Their Crown
English Toy Terriers, dainty and elegant, were once a staple of British households. Bred to hunt rats, they’ve since been overshadowed by other toy breeds like Chihuahuas and Pomeranians. With only a few hundred puppies registered annually, their decline is a stark reminder of how trends affect dog breeds. Their intelligence and charm make them worthy of a resurgence.
10. Kooikerhondjes Are Dutch History in Dog Form
The Kooikerhondje, or “little duck dog,” is a centuries-old Dutch breed used for hunting waterfowl. These playful and intelligent dogs nearly went extinct during World War II but were revived through dedicated breeding efforts. However, their numbers remain low outside the Netherlands, and they’re still considered a vulnerable breed. Their cheerful demeanor and unique hunting skills make them a hidden gem worth preserving.